this post was submitted on 24 Jan 2024
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Linux
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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It's mostly just package management, you can install as many DEs as you want on just about every distro.
You're not stuck with whatever default DE any distro uses.
Yeah but don’t Debian and Ubuntu (for example) use the same package manager?
Yes but they use different repositories with different maintainers. Think of a package manager like steam, epic, etc, except instead of games it's everything. Some package managers get different applications, some have different versions of the same applications. In the case of Debian/Ubuntu it's more like steam in China vs steam in the rest of the world. Same steam, different games, different maintainers of who decides what games get to go in which steam.
Oh, so if you install software with apt, you might get a different version based on the different maintainer/distribution?
I always figured you’d just get the latest version of the software.
Are there instances of software packages available for one distro but not another?
Generally end-user applications like Firefox would be the latest/same version, but system libraries might be a few versions different. Generally security patches are written for a few major versions of libraries/daemons at the same time. So features might be different but it's all the same security for the most part.
That's the major draw between one distro to another, they will have different philosophies on what to include, and what major version to use. Debian for example is much more reluctant to upgrade something unless there's a large demand for a new feature. The theory is it is more stable and consistent to use that way.
Ubuntu on the other hand features much more modern versions of libraries because they want to be more hip and modern, expecting users to learn new things more often because they think the new features are worth it and they want to support all the things.
You can use the "testing" release of Debian if you want newer stuff. It's still more stable than rolling distros. Packages have to be in the "unstable" release for 10 days with no major bugs to get promoted to testing.