this post was submitted on 17 Dec 2023
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VPNs, self hosting and security (programming.dev)
submitted 11 months ago* (last edited 11 months ago) by Tsubodai@programming.dev to c/selfhosted@lemmy.world
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I run a load of containers on a NAS, and reverse proxy them through synology's inbuilt reverse proxy settings.

Essentially, I'd like to harden my security, and not really sure how best to do it.

Seeing people recommend nginx proxy manager, I've tried to set this up but never managed to get the certificates to work from letsencrypt ("internal server error" when trying to get one). When I finally got it working a while ago (I think I imported a cert), any proxy I tried to setup just sent me to the Synology login page.

I've tried to setup the VPN that comes with Synology (DSM 7+), but I must have set it up using the local IP address. It only works when I'm on my LAN, and not from an external network. Which is kind of the point, lol. I would like to use VPN to access the home network when out and about.

I've set random, long, unique passwords for everything I want to access, but I am guessing this is not the most secure, after seeing so many people use and recommend vpns.

I have tailscale, which is great for ssh-ing onto my Nas from the outside world. But to access my services, is a VPN the best way to do it? And can it be done entirely myself, or does it require paying for a service?

I've looked at authentic - pretty confusing at the outset, and Isee few evenings of reading guides ahead of me before I get that working. Is that worth setting up?

Does anyone have any advice/guides/resources that might help?

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[–] Guadin@k.fe.derate.me 2 points 11 months ago (5 children)

Tailscale is (like) a VPN, but traffic will go through their servers. If you setup your own VPN server then traffic will remain between your client and your own server.

Did you setup port forwarding and routing tables when you installed your VPN server?.

The Synology VPN package is lacking behind a lot, so you could be missing some security updates.

If you use a VPN to hide your services, you reduce your attack/risk. Since there is only one package/software suite which could've vulnerabilties. And VPN's are focussed on security. If you expose all your hosted stuff, all those programs need to be secure to prevent abuse. And not everybody is as skilled to build it securily.

I would recommend, for you, to use something like tailscale. Since you seem like someone at the beginning of their safety journey. With setting up a VPN server, you need to know a little bit what your doing to make it secure and work. And you could invest time to learn it all, or you could use something that does it for you. Another, not so wise, advise could be to use a docker container to host the VPN. Most containers have all settings correctly setup and have guides to make it secure. But that means you don't know what you installed and that could be a bad thing as well. Furthermore, docker adds to the complexity of making it work.

[–] Tsubodai@programming.dev 1 points 11 months ago (2 children)

I definitely didn't set up any port forwarding or routing tables when setting up the inbuilt VPN.

Tailscale is great, and very handy to edit my compose files from, for example, work. But I didn't think I could use it to access my services?

I've become pretty familiar with docker over the years, so I'm tempted to spin up a container just to see how it works.

I currently expose around 20 services through the reverse proxy, but only those ones that I can set a user/password for.

I don't mind investing the time to learn more about all this. Networking stuff has always been akin to dark magic for me, it's time to jump in..

Thanks!

[–] Guadin@k.fe.derate.me 1 points 11 months ago (1 children)

In that case, enjoy! It's a great feeling when you get it working.

If you're going to do it on your synology, see if you need to fix the TUN error. Also, you need to add ip routes to your synology to have the IP's from your VPN on docker forwarded to docker. Make sure these are persistent or added on every startup.

Make sure you allow the VPN to work by adding it to the synology firewall.

You need to setup port forwarding on your router. It needs to point to your synology to the port which is linked to the docker container. You also need to add the route to your router to be able to access your network. For instance, if your VPN has 10.0.3.* and your LAN uses 10.0.0., your LAN/router won't know where to send the response packets to the VPN network. So when connected to your VPN you will never be able to load stuff. If you add that 10.0.3. needs to route to your synology, and your synology knows that range needs to be routed to the Docker VPN container everybody knows where it needs to go.

[–] Tsubodai@programming.dev 1 points 11 months ago

Brilliant, many thanks!

[–] lemmyvore@feddit.nl 1 points 11 months ago* (last edited 11 months ago)

Tailscale is great, and very handy to edit my compose files from, for example, work. But I didn’t think I could use it to access my services?

Tailscale has two features that, when enabled, will let you exit the tailnet through a node to a LAN (subnets) or to the Internet (exit node).

You can use the subnets feature. You can install a Tailscale container on the NAS, mark it as using the subnets feature, and then you have two options:

  1. Use the "host" network mode on the Tailscale container, which will give it access to your NAS machine's host network interfaces, and set up the subnet mask to your LAN's subnet. You will be able to access your services on the NAS's LAN IP and whatever service ports you expose to the host, just as if you were on the LAN.
  2. You leave the Tailscale container to use a private docker network, you create a "tailscale" docker network, you declare the Tailscale subnet as the docker network subnet, and you connect to it the Tailscale container plus any other containers that you want to access (in their docker compose files). This is more secure (in the absolute, abstract sense) because Tailscale traffic doesn't pass through the LAN, and you only expose a short explicit list of containers to Tailnet. On the other hand you have to juggle container network names, and it just makes things more complicated.
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