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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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Hey, I've recently designed a Poster about the FHS since I often forget where I should place or find things. Do you have any feedback how to make it better?
I updated the poster: https://whimsical.com/fhs-L6iL5t8kBtCFzAQywZyP4X use the link to see online.
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What do you mean by locally vs site wide? For /usr/local that’s usually stuff installed from outside of the distributions normal packaging mechanism. E.g. if you build something from source using “make”, the “make install” would install it there by default (though that is also configurable.)
Also not sure we want to say /mnt is necessarily temporary. Any mount pionts there could easily be added to fstab.
The FHS says the thing about /mnt. It's not normally meant to have subdirectories or be mounted to by default.
The origin is that
/usrmay be network mounted or otherwise shared across multiple systems, whereas/usr/localis local to a particular PC. That definition is not as relevant with today's single-user machines, and now it mostly means what you said (/usr is managed by system package manager whereas /usr/local is manually managed).