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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).

Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.

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[solved] cannot Boot Debian from USB (lemmy.ml)

submitted 9 months ago* (last edited 9 months ago) by birdcat@lemmy.ml to c/linux@lemmy.ml

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I'd like to install/run Kicksecure from my "EAGET USB 3.2 Solid State Pen Drive" as described here. (Im not set on Kicksecure, just read about it on privacyguides; open for suggestions! I just want something ... well secure and easy to use.

... However, my Windows PC does not recognize the USB with Debian as a bootable medium.

What I did:

Download debian-live-12.5.0-amd64-xfce
Flash it to USB with balenaEtcher
Try to boot from it in all possible ways

I also tried other Linux distributions like Mint and Ubuntu ... nothing gets recognized on that USB, expect Tails. After it recognizes it as UEFI OS and I select Harddisk Mode.

Tails is amazing, love it! But I just don't really need Tor, and mostly I need to use an App that will simply not connect via the Tor network and cannot be configured to do so.

Thank you very much 😊

Edit: Not everything can boot on windows I guess. But in my case Ubuntu suddenly could after turning off the PC and remove it from its power source.

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[–] Limonene@lemmy.world 8 points 9 months ago

You know that stuff that appears on the screen before the operating system? That is the computer's firmware. Sometimes it shows a brief memory check, sometimes it has a silly error message like "No keyboard detected. Press F1 to continue." Sometimes it's just a big image of the motherboard's manufacturer's logo. That firmware exists independently of the operating system, and will run even if you don't have any operating system installed.

Most people refer to the firmware as the "BIOS", but technically, BIOS refers to an API between the firmware and the operating system. About a decade ago, some people decided that "BIOS" was going to be replaced by "UEFI", and operating systems would start having a new way to boot. What ended up happening is: the firmware on all recent computers supports both UEFI and BIOS interfaces (and everyone still calls it "BIOS"). Recent Windows versions seem to only boot in UEFI mode, but most Linux distros can boot in either UEFI or BIOS mode. The GRUB bootloader can also start itself up in either UEFI or BIOS mode.

USB live operating systems are limited in size and may have less functionality than other operating systems, so maybe they are only able to boot in one method or another. Try looking around in the firmware (or "BIOS" if you prefer) to see if you can change the boot method to allow both UEFI and BIOS operating systems.

It may help if you can take a picture of some of the firmware's boot configuration menus.