What happens if you do:
unset SSH_AUTH_SOCK
And then try to connect?
What happens if you do:
unset SSH_AUTH_SOCK
And then try to connect?
Can you post the result of the env
command as well? It sounds like your config is very minimal, but the fact that it's looking for a local Unix socket in the strace output is weird.
So, this is set somewhere in your config files, I think. Maybe try:
Just to see where it's being set.