I use a USB tuner like https://hauppauge.com/pages/products/data_dualhd.html and https://mythtv.org/ Has to be plugged into an external antenna, and it really helps for that antenna to be on the 2nd floor, in a window, with clear view unobstructed by aluminum siding.
tvheadend.org or HDhomerun are probably more general solutions.
Yeah, I started with a PCI (no e) card, but had to switch to USB when it got hard to find cheap motherboards with PCI slots. It's an old setup :) Honestly amazed that they can fit the whole thing into a thumb-sized USB dongle, although I suppose it's easier without the analog side.