thelinuxexperiment

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#Linux #OpenSource #TechNews #LinuxNews #linuxdesktop

00:00 Intro 00:35 Sponsor: Tuxedo Computers 01:32 Open Source Nvidia drivers are already pretty good 04:11 Color management and HDR work progress 05:39 Microsoft's AI studio runs on Linux only 06:54 Plasma 6 beta 2, and a new KDE theme 08:52 Fedora Asahi is out 10:10 Flipboard and Threads will move to ActivityPub and the Fediverse 12:03 Gaming: VkD3D and Proton Experimental 13:29 Support the channel

Open Source Nvidia drivers are already pretty good

https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/news-and-events/nvk-holiday-update.html

Color management and HDR work progress

https://zamundaaa.github.io/wayland/2023/12/18/update-on-hdr-and-colormanagement-in-plasma.html

Microsoft's AI studio runs on Linux only

https://www.techradar.com/pro/microsofts-new-windows-ai-studio-developer-tool-makes-you-install-linux-to-use-it

Plasma 6 beta 2, and a new KDE theme

https://kde.org/announcements/megarelease/6/beta2/

https://carlschwan.eu/2023/12/19/announcing-brise-theme/

Fedora Asahi is out

https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-asahi-remix-39/

Flipboard and Threads will move to AtivityPub and the Fediverse

https://flipboard.medium.com/flipboard-begins-to-federate-c56ec788feaa

https://www.theverge.com/2023/12/13/24000120/threads-meta-activitypub-test-mastodon

Gaming: VkD3D and Proton Experimental

https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2023/12/proton-experimental-brings-more-hdr-steam-overlay-hack-for-easy-anti-cheat-from-eos/

https://github.com/HansKristian-Work/vkd3d-proton/releases/tag/v2.11.1

Andy Yen, the CEO of Proton (Mail, Drive, VPN, Pass...) answered a lot of the questions you, the community, asked, in an interview that covers basically everything!

He discusses security, privacy, the origins of Proton, how they operate, Linux support, future projects, products and features, quantum computing, passkeys, and more!

Proton Mail: https://proton.me/mail/TheLinuxEXP Proton VPN: https://protonvpn.com/TheLinuxEXP

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#vpn #privacy #proton #onlinesecurity #protonmail

Timecodes:

00:00 Intro 01:16 How did Proton start? 03:24 Why start with email? 06:03 What is Proton's business model? 08:34 Why set up in Switzerland? 11:33 What data do you have on customers? 14:39 How is encryption important? 18:20 Do you always need to use a VPN? 20:47 Why focus on building an ecosystem? 24:55 Is an Office Suite planned? 26:29 What differentiates Proton from competitors? 30:26 Is Proton a viable alternative to big tech services? 33:31 Why expand to more products instead of finishing existing ones? 37:19 Does the general public care about privacy? 38:45 What's next for Proton services? 40:08 What are the plans for native Linux clients? 46:03 Will ProtonVPN offer dedicated IPs to everyone? 47:46 What's the environmental impact of Proton? 49:27 Proton on F-Droid, without Google Play notifications? 52:03 Why are code repos all separated and hard to find? 53:12 Why are addresses ending in ".me" ? 54:57 When will all apps reach feature parity? 56:24 Will SMTP relay be supported? 57:47 Will Proton focus more on businesses in the future? 59:50 Why put all your eggs in one basket with just Proton services? 01:01:00 Will Proton support passkeys? 01:03:21 Does E2E matter is the recipient isn't using it? 01:04:49 Will Proton disable port forwarding in VPN? 01:06:41 Is encryption enough to make email private? 01:09:06 What protects users from a change in Proton's code licensing? 01:11:14 How does Proton protect its infrastructure? 01:13:14 Impacts of Quantum Computing on privacy and security? 01:14:24 What's the future of Proton Bridge? 01:16:25 When will Proton photos be a thing? 01:17:17 Plans for Proton Notes? 01:18:20 Will VPN support the Apple TV? 01:21:12 Support the channel

Regain control of your privacy with Proton (and enjoy their Black Friday / Cyber Week deals while they last!): VPN: https://protonvpn.com/blackfriday Mail: https://proton.me/mail/black-friday

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00:00 Intro 00:59 Sponsor: Proton 02:17 Data grabbing 05:07 Why this data matters 07:41 Laws make it worse 11:11 What you can do 14:04 Sponsor: Get a PC made to run Linux 15:07 Support the channel

Playlist on how to De-Google your life: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqmbcbI8U55EfYUVdZfjrfyJyNHD-Bly8

#Privacy #anonymity #private

Virtually everything online now collects data. And this data doesn't just stay at the company that collected it. This data is a giant repository for governments to use and track or monitor their citizens.

See, in a LOT of countries, governments have the right to ask a company to provide all the data they've collected on their users. Companies have no choice but to comply with these, which is also why using end to end, and zero access encrypted services is crucial.

For example, the US can request any company to give them data on a specific user, they've done so more than any other country in 2020. But other countries do the exact same: Germany, Denmark, South korea, France, virtually ever country does this.

If you want even more scary numbers, in 2022, Meta, the parent company for Facebook, Instagram, or Whatsapp, got 827K requests for data. They complied with 76% of these requests.

https://www.globalsecuritymag.com/Meta-received-over-800k-user-data-requests-from-governments-in-2022.html

There are a lot of legal offensives being planned, or already implemented in various countries, so let's look at a few.

In Russia, recent laws from 2017 banned anonymous use of online messaging apps, and prohibits the use of tools that would circumvent government censorship. This means that while VPNs aren't exactly banned, if they let people access banned websites, then they'll also be banned. This has happened to at least 15 VPNs, including NordVPN, ProtonVPN, and OperaVPN.

https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/08/01/russia-new-legislation-attacks-internet-anonymity

In Australia, in 2021, a law was proposed to force people to attach their real name to their social media posts, apparently to fight online trolls, bullying and harrassment. Users would have had to provide an ID before opening any social media account, which would obviously open the door to surveillance, monitoring, and censorship.

https://ia.acs.org.au/article/2021/govt-wants-to-end-online-anonymity.html

In France, we have the recent SREN law. This thing would give the telecom watchdog powers to block websites, and require tools for age verification. On top of that, the law will give the government capabilities to demand web browsers and DNS providers block certain websites.

https://adguard.com/en/blog/france-web-browser-dns-blocking-law.html

in the UK, the Online Safety Bill of 2022 allows the regulatory agency Ofcom to force websites to collect people's personal data, and they'll be able to scan, restrict and remove content that is considered harmful. The bill also mandates online communication services to be moderated, which basically means end to end encryption can be enabled there anymore.

https://datainnovation.org/2022/05/the-uks-online-safety-bill-undermines-encryption-and-anonymity/

So, what can you do about this? For protecting your data, there are plenty of things you can do. First, stop using privacy invasive operating systems. If you can't move to something like Linux, try at least to disable all the telemetry you can in Windows or macOS, in Android and iOS. You can try using a degoogled, privacy focused Android ROM on your smartphone.

Leaving Chrome for a more private browser is also pretty much mandatory. Same goes for your online services: stop using Google as a search engine, Gmail, or stuff like Outlook, OneDrive, iCloud, and the like. Using a VPN is also a solid option to at least try and blur the lines.

Try Proton VPN, my pick for a secure and private VPN: https://protonvpn.com/TheLinuxEXP

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#Linux #Flatpak #Snap #AppImage

00:00 Intro 00:47 Sponsor: Proton VPN 02:17 Quick summary of formats 05:52 Performance benchmarks 08:52 Sandboxing 11:41 Missing Features 15:24 Parting Thoughts 16:59 Sponsor: Get a PC made to run Linux 18:00 Support the channel

So, what we call "packages" are debs, for Debian and Ubuntu based distros, and RPMs for Red Hat and SUSE based distros. These packages can contain libraries, or apps, and all libraries are shared between applications.

We then have Flatpaks, which are distro-agnostic. Flatpaks are sandboxed, and while they share a lot of libraries through runtimes, they can use more space over time.

Snaps are basically the same concept as flatpaks, made by Ubuntu. There are a few technical differences with flatpaks, the big one being that Snaps are suitable for graphical apps, and for command line programs.

AppImages are a more portable format: the whole app is shipped inside a single file, with most, if not all of its libraries. This means you can copy/paste apps from a system to another, and they run on any distro that has access to FUSE2.

Now, let's look at some performance comparison between different packaging formats. I ran all these tests on the same Ubuntu 23.04 VM, with 16 gigs of RAM, 4 cores of my 13th gen i7 13700h.

Judging from the results, we can see that all packaging formats take longer to start than basic deb packages. It's especially visible with heavy apps that need to do some setup when they first open, like LibreOffice or GIMP. But we also notice that on subsequent openings of an app, all packaging formats are pretty close.

I ran the Speedometer test in all 4 versions of Firefox: the snap performs worse for jetstream, but much better for Speedometer, while flatpak performs on par for SPeedometer, but worse for jetstream. Deb packages perform well for jetstream, but worse for speedometer., and the Appimage is generally just a good performer.

A sandboxed application runs in its own environment, with very few ways to access things outside of that sandbox. This is similar to how web browsers run each tab in a separate process.

Regular packages aren't sandboxed by default: basically it means that you should only install these packages from sources you trust: either your distro's repos, or well vetted third party repos.

As per Flatpaks, they're all sandboxed. The sandbox isn't 100% bulletproof, nothing is, but it does limit what the app can access. This is all managed through app permissions, much like what you'd find in Android or iOS apps.

Snaps can be sandboxed, but the sandbox isn't mandatory: developers can decide to not use it, although this triggers a manual review of the snap app when it's uploaded to the Snap Store, to check if it does anything weird. As per AppImages, they don't have a sandbox natively.

Now let's see what's missing in terms of features. Regular packages can access everything, so there are no missing features there.

Flatpaks and snaps have more restrictions. The main missing piece is native messaging support: this is what lets an app communicate with another, and one main use case is for password managers: currently, no web browser packaged as flatpak or snap can interact with a third party password manager reliably.

Support for the system theme is also not perfect for snaps and flatpaks, or for AppImages.

As per various problems with these packaging formats, you also have the size of packages: while Snaps and Flatpaks do share libraries between apps, they don't share as much as regular packages, which means they can take up more space.

Snaps also have the added problem that they mount each app in its own virtual filesystem, that is decompressed on the fly: this can clutter your mount points, which can be annoying if you need to manage these regularly. The Snap Store backend is also proprietary, and it's centralized.

Try Collabora Online, your open source, private online office suite: https://www.collaboraoffice.com/collabora-online-youtube/

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00:00 Intro 00:37 Sponsor: Collabora Online 02:02 KDE tips and tricks 02:09 Fix bad icons in taskbar 03:37 Open anything with the Super key 04:28 Configure windows for specific apps 05:27 Resize windows easily 06:36 Zoom in and out 06:55 Clipboard management 07:14 Hidden app launcher 07:55 Drag and drop to sticky note 08:11 Favourite KDE Note taking app 09:43 Plasma Widgets 11:33 KDE Connect 12:52 Stamp PDFs 13:35 Drag and drop in Dolphin 14:14 Save Searches 14:37 Customize System Monitor 14:55 Parting Thoughts 15:45 Sponsor: Get a PC made to run Linux 16:52 Support the channel

Commands I showed in the video:

Set krunner to open with the Super key: kwriteconfig5 --file kwinrc --group ModifierOnlyShortcuts --key Meta "org.kde.krunner,/App,,toggleDisplay"

Apply the changes (needs dbus, ovbiously): qdbus org.kde.KWin /KWin reconfigure

List all the things you can trigger with a shortcut: qdbus org.kde.kglobalaccel /component/kwin org.kde.kglobalaccel.Component.shortcutNames

Set the thing you want to open with the Super key:

kwriteconfig5 --file ~/.config/kwinrc --group ModifierOnlyShortcuts --key Meta "org.kde.kglobalaccel,/component/kwin,org.kde.kglobalaccel.Component,invokeShortcut,NAME_OF_THE_THING_YOU_WANT_TO_OPEN"

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#Linux #kdeplasma #laptop

00:00 Intro 01:11 The Old Setup 02:50 The New Setup 05:07 The laptop: InfinityBook Pro 16 08:22 KDE Configuration for Laptop Mode 11:02 Wayland + KDE + Nvidia: not perfect 12:39 Editing Setup (dock and peripherals) 15:09 KDE Configuration for Editing Mode 17:54 Performance: editing and gaming 19:59 Parting Thoughts

So, let's look at the laptop, the Tuxedo Infinitybook pro 16, generation 8. It's 16 inches, 2560x1600, 16:10, at 240hz. It uses an Intel i7 13700H, with 32gigs of DDR5 RAM at 4800mhz, an nvidia RTX 4060 with 8 gigs of vRAM, a 500 gigs SSD (Samsung 980 Pro, PCIe4)

There's an SD card reader, a USB C port with displayport, plugged into the nvidia GPU, 1 thunderbolt 4, linked to the integrated intel GPU with power delivery, plus 2 USB A ports, an HDMI 2.0 port, and a headphone jack.

It embarks an 80 Wh battery, which gives me about 8h of battery life when using it to write scripts using wifi, and about 3 and half hours of video editing. I run this laptop using Tuxedo OS, the default distro Tuxedo installs on their devices.

I created a laptop power profile, it drops the brightness to 35%, and it's limited to 4 logical cores, at 1.4 Ghz. It might seem low, but it's the sweet spot for what I do. I created a KDE activity for this mode, in which I have a nice colorful wallpaper, and the widgets I need when I'm writing scripts.

The first one is the weather, the second one is a sticky note. I also have a disk usage monitor, and a tracker for my Nextcloud instance and my podcast, just showing me if they're currently working OK.

Which leads me to the editing setup. I created another power profile in Tuxedo Control center, called "editing". This one cranks everything up to the max: the CPU cores, the max clock speeds, the display brightness... I use a USB C dock, namely, the steam deck dock here, to which I gave a haircut so the little rubber adapter would fit well into the laptop even when closed.

Through it, I have Ethernet, plus an HDMI cable to the display, & the various USB peripherals, some of them using a USB hub.

And in terms of the KDE setup for editing, I have a dedicated activity. It's titled "editing", and it has a black and white wallpaper, plus some performance monitors: one for the CPU, one for the RAM, one for the disk space, and one for the Nvidia GPU VRAM.

I also have a folder view widget to display the contents of my video folder, so I can get quick access. This is all complimented by my plasma panel, which has that show desktop button at the bottom left, so I can quickly peek at these sensors. I have a Places widget, a centered task bar, because on a ultrawide display you don't want these stuck all the way to the left, and then to the right the notifications, the clock, and a user applet to log out and restart the computer.

I don't use a menu: I just mapped Krunner to use the super key, and I start everything using Krunner instead.

The taskbar isn't the best here, as it can't use intellihide: I'd like it to be always visible except when a window covers it, but all it can do is "windows can cover", which isn't exactly the same thing, as it sometimes doesn't pop back up, and sometimes you get this weird half masked taskbar as well.

Use KDE file picker in Firefox: go to about:config, and set widget.use-xdg-desktop-portal=1 instead of 2.

I'm happy to report it's actually faster than my desktop. It's probably a combination of the faster RAM, newer generation Nvidia GPU, way faster CPU, and faster PCIe4 storage, but all in all, thumbnails in the timeline are generated extremely fast, Resolve never struggles to load any clip and preview it, and rendering takes less time as well.

The total war Warhammer 3 benchmark gave me 60FPS at medium settings and the native resolution of my ultrawide, which is better performance than what I got on my editing PC.

Darktide got a stable 60FPS at the native resolution of the display, with medium graphics, with DLSS on balanced.

Learn how to deal with a ransomware attack with this free whitepaper: https://bit.ly/44cNIcr

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#internet #ads #marketingdigital

00:00 Intro 00:44 Sponsor: Learn how to deal with ransomware attacks 01:32 The ad-based internet 04:08 Twitter: anything but the kitchen sink 05:46 Reddit: shooting themselves in the foot 07:14 Youtube: nickel and diming 08:58 Alternative platforms won't save us 11:43 Three possible outcomes 14:41 The Ad Based internet is on its way out 15:13 Sponsor: Get a PC that was made to run Linux 16:02 Support the channel

Google has shown that with enough scale, just running ads on a website is enough to keep the content free of charge. But of course, as with everything where money is involved, it went way too far. This limited the ad revenue, and so websites decided to add more ads.

To compound that, ads started paying less and less, so websites started chasing profits by making the internet worse for everyone.

Twitter's revenue is 89% ads. It has existed for more than 10 years, and has never made any money. So even at that scale, ads are just not working to sustain a company.

All the changes Musk is making to Twitter, like firing most of the workforce, charging for the API, limiting the number of tweets, Twitter Blue, it's all to try and turn a profit. So, the experience of Twitter is now ten times worse, because ads don't work.

Now let's look at Reddit. Reddit is about as popular as Twitter. And Reddit isn't profitable either. They're kept afloat by raising money from investors. And so Reddit charges for their API now. Reddit made their site worse for everyone: the regular users, and also everyone browsing the internet and landing on reddit to see a "this subreddit is private" message, making any web search ultra inefficient.

And we can also look at Youtube. Youtube is HUGE. And it's hard to know if youtube is profitable or not. The consensus seems to be that it is, but the actions of youtube seem to indicate that maybe it's not THAT profitable. For example, youtube seems to be planning some moves against adblockers. Youtube is also taking steps against third party frontends, like Invidious. They wouldn't do stuff like that if profit growth was awesome.

I love alternative platforms, but they'll probably never replace the giant ones: they don't offer a business model for people to create content on them.

As a user, you probably don't care about that. And the person running the instance of said platform maybe is ready to fund it out of pocket, but the people creating the content on these platforms? They're not making money from them.

And so as ad-based internet models start dying off, I have a feeling we're going to be faced with 3 options

First, the big platforms survive as-is with the ads, you can still have ads on your own website, but the platforms will start keeping more and more of the ad revenue.

This is where we're heading now. People are tired of ads and their privacy invasion, and the over abundance of them, but platforms seem to think this is the way to go.

Second option, the big platforms and websites evolve to another model, like paywalling everything behind a paid subscriptions like Youtube Premium.

It would basically kill off an entire portion of the internet, but it probably wouldn't be the worst portion to lose.

Third option, the big platforms and the internet as a whole can't find a new model to replace ad based ones, and big platforms and big websites die off. Content creation becomes a hobby mostly.

This is probably the best outcome for the internet as a whole, as it would probably kill off most clickbait, disinformation, AI generated crap. We would have far less things to read and watch, but a lot of if would be higher quality.

Make sure your Python applications stay relevant for longer: https://bit.ly/3CyfKnL Grab a brand new laptop or desktop running Linux:https://www.tuxedocomputers.com/en#

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This video is distributed under the Creative Commons Share Alike license.

#mastodon #fediverse #socialmedia

00:00 Intro 00:39 Sponsor: Extend the life of your Python applications 01:30 The Fediverse: a network of social networks 04:57 ActivityPub: all your social networks can talk to each other 06:44 How Mastodon works 08:33 How PeerTube works 10:19 How PixelFed works 11:39 Parting thoughts 13:02 Sponsor: buy a device that runs Linux perfectly 14:11 Support the channel

Join Mastodon: https://joinmastodon.org/servers Join Peertube: https://joinpeertube.org/ Join PixelFed: https://pixelfed.org/servers

PixelFed App for iOS: https://testflight.apple.com/join/5HpHJD5l PixelFed App for Android: https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.pixeldroid.app/

List of Fediverse services: https://fediverse.party/en/miscellaneous/

Fediverse is a contraction of Federated Universe. It's basically a very large network of servers that form, well, a social network. But contrary to the ones you might be used to, like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and others, the Fediverse is composed of different services.

The more well known are Mastodon, a Twitter-like microblogging service, PeerTube, a youtube-like platform, or PixelFed, an Instagram-like social network, but there are a TON of others.

Each service is also decentralized, which means there is not one big server farm where everything is hosted: each service is split into instances, basically independent servers, with different goals.

ActivityPub is an open standard, that lets all services on the Fediverse talk to each other. How does that work? Well, in practice, it means you can use your Mastodon app to follow a Peertube channel, or someone that posts pictures on PixelFed, or see new articles from a Wordpress website.

And this goes a bit further: for example, if I comment on Mastodon on a post from Peertube, that comment will also appear on Peertube underneath the video.

Let's start with Mastodon. Mastodon is basically Twitter, but open source and decentralized. It lets you post messages with up to 500 characters, it supports images, videos, polls, content warnings, animated avatar pictures, emojis, links, mentions, hashtags, anything you're used to on Twitter. Mastodon has 1.5 million active users, which might seem small compared to Twitter, but it's more than enough to have interesting conversations with a lot of cool people.

To join Mastodon, all you need to do is pick a server, also called an instance. You can pick any server you like, and it will let you interact with everyone else on any other server.

And then, you can use Mastodon on the web, by typing the address of your instance in your browser, for example, for me, it's mastodon.social, or you can use a mobile app.

Now let's talk about PeerTube. It's a Youtube alternative, although it's much, much smaller. Peertube is also decentralized, being split into different servers, that are federated together, so you can follow people from different instances and still have a complete subscription feed. It also supports ActivityPub, which means you could subscribe to my peerTube channel from a mastodon account, and have a post in your timeline every time I publish a video.

And as a creator, it also lets you sync your youtube channel to it, so you can auto-publish all your videos to Peertube in a few clicks, which is also a great help.

To watch peertube, just type the address of your instance in your browser's URL, for me it's tilvids.com.

Another cool service on the Fediverse is PixelFed. It's basically Instagram, without all the crap they tacked on lately, like reels, or lives. It's just pictures and videos. It's free software, it also uses the ActivityPub standard, so you can follow PixelFed users on Mastodon, for example, and it's ad-free.

It also lets you add filters, just like Instagram, or crop, resize, adding alt text, and you can use hashtags, locations, or create collections, basically photo albums.

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#linux #mistake

00:00 Intro 00:42 Sponsor: Get a free study on the best open source practices 01:47 Using Linux without the internet 04:19 Not using a separate /home partition 05:57 Not distro hopping soon enough 07:49 Not getting out of my comfort zone 09:20 Dual booting for too long 11:18 Fearing the terminal 13:06 And a lot more! 14:07 Sponsor: Get a laptop or desktop running Linux from Tuxedo 15:13 Support the channel

So, when I started using Linux, it was on an old refurbished laptop that didn't have wifi or an ethernet port. I had to download packages from the repos. Manually. And copy them to a USB key, transfer them to the laptop, copy them there, install them, only for DPKG to tell me that dependencies were missing.

So, yeah, using Linux without access to the internet. Completely unusable unless you're already perfectly setup and you don't need anything else.

Second mistake I took way too long to correct was NOT setting up a separate /home partition. See, you can reinstall a whole other Linux distro and reuse that exact same /home partition to keep all your settings, files, configurations and more, and avoid losing hours setting everything up again.

Nowadays, distros generally also don't default to a separate /home partition, which is a mistake in my opinion.

Another mistake I made: I didn't distro hop enough when I started using Linux

This might seem weird, but the diversity of Linux distros and what they offer is undeniably the greatest strength of our ecosystem.

Distro hopping is how you learn about all the various things you can do on Linux. It's how you try other desktop environments, and it's how you learn what the differences are, what the advantages of each distro, each system are. Not distro hopping sooner meant that I just didn't learn anything new while using Linux, for a long time.

In the same vein, I also put off trying out new projects for a long time! Flatpak, Wayland, image based Operating systems like SIlverblue, GNOME extensions, I used to stay safe in my little comfort zone, and I judged everything else by the standards of what someone else had written online.

Not trying out these projects for myself also stunted my learning experience, and while I can absolutely agree that none of them are perfect, even today, they taught me so much about how things work, whether it's the older way, or the new ways these projects bring, I now know a lot more about the inner workings of my system and how to fix problems when I encounter them.

Another mistake, that will be more personal, is dual booting for too long. I kept a Windows system on my devices for a long, long while, up until I started this channel, actually, in 2018. I used Windows as a crutch: when something didn't work immediately on Linux, I just rebooted on Windows, did the thing, and then stuck to Windows for the day, because rebooting was annoying. And then the next day, I still used Windows, because I knew I had something to do that I already knew how to do on Windows.

And so, I didn't learn how to do a lot of things on Linux, even though it would have saved me time in the end.

Another big mistake I made back in the day, was avoiding the command line. It's a wonderfully powerful tool to get tings done. Updating your software repos and installing multiple apps at once is just more convenient from the command line. Fixing an error is also way faster this way, or transcoding a video using ffmpeg