Linux
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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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Most GUI package managers are just wrappers for the package manager CLI.
Yup. On slow systems when doing a very big update I suggest using a terminal over a GUI based app. Less risk of things getting stuck.
no, there is no difference. at least if ubuntu studio has hooked apt up to discover; it's usually mainly used for flatpaks.
there is. if the updater gui integrates with packagekit and systemd, it can start an offline update that reboots your system and installs the updates while nothing else is running.
kind of like on windows, except that this is one of the things where windows made the right call. complex software does not handle it well if its program libraries and assets are being replaced by newer ones that the running version cannot understand.
its still kind of a new thing, not all distros make use of it yet, but Fedora does, and it's not a Fedora custom solution but something that most distros can have.
automatic filesystem snapshots and rollback can be integrated to this too, and then bye bye to updates breaking the whole system.
I gripe about having to restart my Fedora machine with updates, but you can't knock the results. It's as reliable as a swiss watch.
you don't have to. just run dnf upgrade and accept the risks, it will work just the same as before.
Then I'd have nothing to gripe about. I thrive on my grievances.
on my manjaro machine updating via terminal doesn't cover some updates. Opening the software manager reveals missed updates. stuff like gear level and freedesktop.org. couldn't tell ya why.
on my fedora kde machine, it misses stuff from Discover. also not sure why.
on mint, terminal covers everything. same on debian.
The Linux Mint GUI updater is an interesting bit of code, or at least it was about 5 years ago. I looked at updating it a bit with a status bar for a stage I thought could use it.
I opened up the code....Python that just uses a shell call to apt. No muss, no library calls. Okay, that'll do.
It was a functional wrapper on the command line calls, exactly as you'd hope for a tool.
What command are you using to update on the terminal? If its pacman then it will miss KDE store and flatpak updates. You can add a hook in I think.
ah this must be it, thanks
Are the missing updates from the AUR? Because if so, most terminal tools don't check those.
Hopefully I can piggyback with a similar question that came to me recently. Similar to how Ubuntu/Mint work, Fedora KDE can be updated through the Discover store or directly via the dnf command. But after updating system packages via Discover, it prompts me to restart the PC to finish the update. What is it actually doing? Why does DNF not do that?
Some stuff needs a restart to use the new libraries and such when those things are already in use, since it doesn't actually delete those until they stop being used. For example, if you get a new kernel, it won't just delete your old one until you're done using it. Terminal tools usually assume that you know this, so they won't prompt you.
the prompt to restart happens to me on debian when using the software manager too.
Some things only get applied once you restart. Take the kernel for example. It will be used once restarted. It is safe to restart at a later time but you would still be running a older kernel at that point.
So technically the update is done but not everything is using it yet. Dnf does tell you you should restart for some things to be applied. The choice is yours to do so.
It's safer, and uses a systemd mechanism to update with most programs not running.
That said, I've never had a problem updating without restarting...
You can change the behavior in System Settings -> Software Update -> Apply System Updates
Pick either immediately or after rebooting
For Mint in particular, there is a difference. There are some ubuntu packages they don't want applied, and the command line does apply them. While their packagekit gui app, doesn't. They always suggest we use their app. Also, the app updates spices, and flatpaks.
On Ubuntu, I’m not sure about “Discover”, but I use the GUI called “Software Updater”. This is just a GUI on top of apt/apt-get which I can also use from the command line.
Not sure about Mint, but I would expect it to be very much similar.