In no capitalist society that I know of will you be executed for not working - you have a right to life
What you don't have the right to is someone else to provide for you if you don't give anything back
That said I'm fairly sure with the amount of automation we have everyone should need to put in a whole lot less work than they do to keep society afloat
In the case of someone who can't work for one reason or another there's obviously an exception because that's not something they can help
Children do contribute to society by getting an education and having a childhood to develop into well adjusted adults who contribute later on,
Unemployment benefits presumably are for people actively searching for a job
The elderly have already contributed more than their fair share raising their children
Using the phrasing people who don't work implies including people who are able but just don't want to